Explication of Emily Dickinsons I Felt a Funeral in My...

Explication of Emily Dickinsons I Felt a Funeral in My Brain Works Cited Not Included In the poem I Felt a Funeral in My Brain Emily Dickinson exposes a persons intense anguish and suffering as they sink into a state of extreme madness. The poem is a carefully constructed analysis of the speakers own mental experience. Dickinson uses the image of a funeral-service to symbolize the death of the speakers sanity. The poem is terrifying for the reader as it depicts a realization of the collapse of ones mental stability, which is horrifying for most. The reader experiences the horror of the speakers descending madness as the speakers mind disintegrates and loses its grasp on reality. I Felt a Funeral in My Brain,†¦show more content†¦The speaker can no longer take the pain and consequently her mind was going numb (line 8). Next, I Felt a Funeral in My Brain creates an illusion of a mind becoming unstable by describing the speakers irrationality. The speakers irrationality is represented in the third stanza and fourth stanza. It is evident that the speaker is beginning to hear voices, which is why she states And then I heard them lift a Box (line 9). The voices that the speaker is hearing are beginning to take over her mind as she expresses And creak across my Soul, which gives the readers the illusion of the speaker losing all control. All the problems that the speaker is experiencing as a result of her mental stability are beginning to take their toll, which is evident through the statement Boots of Lead, again, Then Space - began to toll (line 11-12). The speaker has now fallen into a state of irrationality, and her mind has suffered enough, and consequently thoughts of suicide plague the speaker. The statement As all the Heavens were a Bell represents the speakers feelings that her mind has a chance of being at peace again if she ends her existing insanity, and she must therefore act upon her suicide thoughts (line 13). The speaker is trying to convince herself to follow through with her thoughts of suicide, as clearly indicated in her statement Wrecked, solitary, here-. The speaker

Jessica Yassen’s Philosophy of Meaning and Value Plan Free Essays

string(31) " processes and system impacts\." Abstract As a leader in today’s society individuals need to have an understanding and an approach outlined to describe their meanings and values in life. An application plan describes personal experiences and outlooks, philosophies on life, ethical standards, values, along with personal career plans and growth. This paper demonstrates the author Jessica Yassen’s approach to meaning and value along with her application plan. We will write a custom essay sample on Jessica Yassen’s Philosophy of Meaning and Value Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now This plan will describe how Jessica Yassen will apply her philosophies guided by theories from philosophers in the traditional era such as Aristotle, modern era such as Descartes to Wittgenstein, and postmodern era such as Derrida, Foucault, and Rorty. This plan will be revised as postmodernism continues to be redefined through the creation of new paradigms in society. Jessica Yassen’s Philosophy of Meaning and Value Plan Meaning, significance, importance, value, worth is a debatable issue. Meaning is a quality inherent in something independent of an individual who considers something meaningful. The sections that follow are from the author’s own set of values and meanings. While she attempts to argue her case convincingly she knows that this is all just one point of view and can be discounted as such. Approach to Meaning and Value The author’s perspective and value system believes that there is no meaning in unity that has any relevance to the personality. The personality cannot know unity and therefore cannot know the meaning of unity. There is no fixed, inherent meaning in our lives, in creation, in duality. Everything is subject to change, so all meanings will change. The meanings given to things are a complex product of culture, beliefs, personal values, philosophy, realizations, life experiences, habits, and more. Society often uses meaning to construct a coherent narrative of our lives and uses this narrative to give a context for the decisions made according to the values held. The narrative changes as society changes. When more people seem to share the same narrative or meanings there is a less threat to that narrative or those meanings. In the extreme this can lead to non-engagement with those that do not share the same narrative and exclusion of people who did share the same view but now do not. This develops the accepted shared reality of societies. That concept of meaning and purpose occupy the mind and drive many of our emotional responses such as euphoria to the other extreme of depression. The more negative the emotion, such as anxiety, one tends to originate from a perceived threat to or conflict in what society considers meaningful or purposeful. Moore and Bunder (2002) stated that Aristotle valued the power of human reason, with the influence of culture, to envision and classify nature and human understanding and to make ethical judgments concerning the good man. The author agrees with Aristotle in the fact that humans are naturally emotional and have an understanding of what is good and what is not. Even if someone does not act ethically, he or she has the ability to listen to reason of what he or she did wrong and why the action is perceived wrong in society. Leary (1980) described Rene Descartes as having an understanding that philosophy is the study of wisdom where wisdom governs everything in life. Another view from the modern era was that of Ludwig Wittgenstein. Moore and Bruder (2002) stated that Ludwig used analysis philosophy to derive value. The author leans towards Ludwig’s views in the fact that she analyzes everything and believes there is a reason in seeing the true reality. In the post-modern era, views from Jacque Derrida, Michael Foucault, and Richard Rorty were formed. These postmodernist believe that reason is subjective and that truth is non-existent. They tend to believe what they are told in their social group and are always looking to answer the reason; however, when the answer is found, they challenge the answer. The author believes that those that embrace the postmodern paradigm will be effective based on the fact that they will always be trying to improve themselves, those around them, and the systems they work with always believing that there will be always be room for growth because perfection can not be obtained. They will challenge those that work for or with them to think critically and creatively to do their best. As a leader, the author realizes that the world is constantly changing and before she can challenge my team to think critically and creatively, they must have an up-to-date knowledge of the business area and world improvements. She would need to assess and address learning needs and evaluate the impact on the team and the company. Learning would need to be work-based such as mentoring, shadowing, and training where appropriate. After the learning opportunities have been addressed, then as a leader, round table discussions with the team will help spark the creative and critical thinking. Personal Experiences The author has experience on how to spark creativity and helping others think critically. Her last manager had team meetings where everyone participated in fun exercises such as using craft items such as buttons, balloons, aluminum foil, ties, marbles, and markers to build the perfect team member. The designs were very creative. Using this type of creative thinking with round table, the author can see system designs taking place through creative interactive thoughts. Challenging users by offering incentives is also a win-win. An example is where the author’s company implemented a new program where an incentive was to be given for figuring out the best way to implement a new feature needed. A user came up with the best way to effectively program the feature and design to implement. This saved the company about $25,000. The reward was a week of paid time off. Now everyone thinks and knows that there are incentives to do better through creative process such as designing a system to thinking critically such as processes and system impacts. You read "Jessica Yassen’s Philosophy of Meaning and Value Plan" in category "Papers" Personal Philosophy on Life The author’s personal philosophy on life is to be kind, honest, helpful, truthful, and generous. Her personality is best suited for a profession in information systems. She loves to work with computers and the technologies surrounding computers. Fear, anxiety, and uncertainty are influences that affect new computer users in today’s society. Ethical Standards and Values If someone’s personality is able to function in society and permits him or her to reasonably efficiently live and prosper according to his or her own value system then he or she is doing well. When individuals become aware of aspects of the personality that interfere with their ability to realize what they value then they should use personality tools as part of the approach to doing something. If someone operates from a value system that seeks no fixed meanings or purpose he or she will often find such personality tools to be highly effective as there is a greater facility for letting go of the attitudes and habits that are the source of most personality conflicts. The belief system of the mediator is crucial in their ability to meditate. Some belief systems are not useful and too much identification with self-analysis unconsciously creates its own problems as demonstrated by those who struggle in meditation. Surrender, acceptance, self-love are the context in which the application of personality tools and a moderate amount of self-analysis can facilitate more effective meditation. Meditation can be used to avoid facing the issues that interfere with melting and can help society notice, accept, and work through the same issues. If someone is content and relaxed in life then he or she is probably melting in life and so will melt more completely in meditation. Future Plans and Ambitions The author’s career plans and ambitions are determined by several factors. These factors are based on her family, education, resources, and potential growth opportunities in her career path. Her first step is to familiarize herself with various options available. Once she has determined which career option entices her the most, she will find a course to help take her to her goal and determine preparations needed to achieve her goal. To be effective in her career plan, the author must lay out both long-term and short-term goals. The short-term goals are building blocks towards the larger long-term goal. Some of the short-term goals will include course work, training, and preparation required to achieve the ultimate goal. As the author grows, she realizes that her goals may change. This will be factored in her decision-making process. Every decision is limited only by what she is capable of now or in the future and her ability to identify alternatives. She will explore alternatives available keeping in mind her core values, commitments, resources, and constraints. Working hard and never underestimating what can be achieved is the author’s motto. Evolution Growth and Changes There is no evolution towards some future perfection if there is no universal sole purpose for life. In fact biological evolution, when understood in the way biologists intend, offers a good analogy for the many ways humans can develop and unfold. Biological evolution is not striving to produce the perfect organism. The process of evolution favors the reproduction of organism that is well suited to a particular environment. As the environment changes so will the form best suited to that environment. There is no grand purpose to the changes in the environment and so there are no purposive changes in the organisms induced by that environmental change. The tendency to find meanings in the phenomena that manifest around us can be seen as a product of evolution. There is a biological advantage in responding to an observed pattern that results in more food, less danger, or other factors. Responding to apparently random or coincidental events as if they were connected is advantageous. Enlightenment in Life While there may be no ultimate meaning, purpose, or truth in life, life comes with the wonderful and mysterious gift that enlightenment can be realized. And while realization of this serves no ultimate, the knowledge has profound consequences for the way someone can live in his or her life and how to encounter the process of his or her death. And so there is value and meaning and purpose and truth to be found in helping others realize enlightenment. As someone who has realized enlightenment, the author choose to spend time helping others to realize the same state in their way because her value system considered this to be profoundly liberating and, within this narrative, gave her pleasure to see others finding that liberation too. This offers a radical and empowering insight and the possibility of resolution of personal and social conflict enabled by the shift of perspective inherent in the state. Challenging situations or concepts in order to question habitual value systems, let alone engage in the process of changing the situation takes conscious determination and interaction. Indeed, their value system may be very hostile to any process that involves questioning one’s value system. The concept of a hostile enlightened person does not rest easily with value systems that equate enlightenment with perfection of the personality but makes perfect sense if remembered that the personality does not realize the state of enlightenment. Perfection of the personality is not necessary to realizing enlightenment. Society can still be reasonable at letting go even with value systems that are judgmental or have a personality that struggles to cope with people or life. Enlightenment essentially involves letting go of absolutely everything just for an instant, and does not require that everything is sorted out before let go. If there is nothing that is more important than anything else, no way of living more meaningful than any other way, then society cannot hide from acting to help our fellow human beings behind statements such as ‘life is meaningless, only transcendence from this world of pain is meaningful’. The notion that this imperfect world is something to escape from may result in toleration of human suffering and dismissal of people who have given their lives to help others as being misguided. This has been used with effect by oppressive religious or political regimes. Applicable Aspects of Philosophy Care has to be taken in the expression of values not based on ultimate meanings to individuals who value the concept of there being ultimate meaning. Unless someone has had a strong experience of being in stillness and has had the opportunity to develop a sense of individuality there can be a devastating effect to have his or her sense of personal meaning and purpose deeply questioned. Values of kindness and compassion would restrain the philosophical aggression that would attack another’s beliefs. If society considers that values are personal and not universal then there is no imperative to inflict someone’s own value system on others. From this perspective there is a balance to be found between meeting someone’s own needs and the needs of those around. At times society must also decide that, according to their values, to tolerate or not the behavior of someone’s acts of violence, abuse, and intolerance for others. Traditional notions of morality and spirituality are also challenged by value systems. Concepts such as sin and karma have no place if there is nothing inherently wrong or right in any action. This does not mean that the abuse humans inflict on each other should be tolerated or condoned. Society finds that human values consider an action or attitude as being unacceptable and the social consensus of a group of a community that institutes laws to control behaviors that that community decides to not tolerate. Many societies are currently in turmoil because the traditional socially controlling religious values are breaking down with the rise of individualism and liberal tolerance. The author believes that no action is inherently bad or good. Every action has consequences across the whole of our lives to one extent or another. To act from self-interest and hatred will polarize interactions with life and cause those interactions to be based on self-interest and hatred and a life led in this context is less likely to find contentment. In order to respond positively to difficult events in life many people use the concept that such difficulties are meant to be and that they offer learning opportunities. There is a sense that their life is heading in a particular direction or to a particular goal and challenging situations are stepping-stones on the way perhaps guided by some universal intelligence. These attitudes help integrate survivable challenges but struggle to withstand lethal situations and seem trite in the face of the worst of human tragedy or abuse. Conclusion Many discussions of enlightenment will give the impression that through its realization the truth is known and that there is no mystery left. While the realization of the eternal state of unity that is enlightenment means that in that state there is no mystery, the truth of that state is known absolutely; the utter simplicity of this state can only answer questions that pertain to duality and life with a deep contented wisdom that things are as they are. Society can not reach closure in life nor finish the narrative of everyone’s lives because there is and always will be another perspective, always something unconsidered, or unknown. Only in unity is there such closure since unity has the simplest of narratives that never changes. The joy of enlightenment for the author is to be utterly content that all the meanings she finds in life and the purposes she gives are like ripples in the sand that will be reformed with every wave, allowing a new creative and refreshing response to life. How to cite Jessica Yassen’s Philosophy of Meaning and Value Plan, Papers

Rwandan genocide an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Rwandan genocide BACKGROUND Need essay sample on "Rwandan genocide" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed African people have very collusive tribal groups. These ethnic groups remarkably distinct where members strongly identify with their own as opposed to the rest. Before balkanization of Africa and subsequent European occupation, these tribes did have interactions either through trade, or intermarriage but mostly it was one of constant incursions and conquests. The stronger tribes usually conquered and condemned the weaker ones to servitude. Those abducted during the conquests were recruited as warriors while the women were assimilated through marriage. Not always did the bigger army win but the more organized one meaning that a small tribe but with a better trained army could conquer a bigger tribe with weak army like the Zulu (nsms.essortment.com). In Rwanda two ethnic groups exist. The Hutu migrated into Rwanda in 1AD displacing the pygmy tribes. They are by far the dominant group in both Rwanda and Burundi. Our Customers Usually Tell EssayLab professionals: Help me! I want my topics essay written pronto. I'm prepared to pay for my essay! Click On Order Button And Get Ready To Be Wowed Their main economic activity was peasantry in the lush hilly country. They spoke the Kinyarwanda and Kirundi dialects. The Tutsi are tall war like people who descended on Rwanda from Ethiopia people who in the 14th century. They overcame the dominant Hutus and the small enclaves of The Twa (pygmys). They were farmers and cattle herders. In a place where cattle symbolize power, the Tutsi controlled the peasant Hutus. In the pre/colonized period the relationship between the two tribes was one of master and a submissive servant. The minority Tutsi formed the ruling class right from king (Mwami) all through to the chiefs. The Hutu peasantry produced food in return for protection. They spoke the same language and even intermarried. It was actually possible to more up the caste system by a Hutu to become a Tutsi through wealth acquisition a process known as Kwihutura. The reverse was also possible through a process known as gucupira. Consequently being a Hutu became synonymous with servitu de. (www.wearone.org.uk). Number of subjects under him and size of their stock of cattle measured A rulers authority. With more subjects one could acquire more wealth. The subjects on their part accepted their role leading to a situation of relative calm. In the advent of colonialism the German established control over Rwanda. After the First World War, the Belgians took over. Belgian occupiers maintained the status quo and even aggravated the tension between the two tribes, through divide and rule tactics. They granted special status to the Tutsi minority issuing identify cards on racial basis. Tutsis were accorded many privileges ranging from recruitment to administrative posts and access to higher education. The colonialists initiated a registration exercise so as to distinguish one group from the other officially (www.hnw.org) thus marked the Tutsi minority from the Hutu majority. This I would say sowed the seed of animosity whose bitter fruits came to would be reaped decades later. This status quo was challenged in 1959 through a social revolution by the Hutu. The Belgians, bulging to pressure form the United Nations had started changes to achieve some balance in power in the colony. They distributed land even to the Hutu and opened up the democratic space. This was highly opposed by the Tutsi elite class and did not amount to much. In fact, the tension reached its limits and a war broke out in 1960 killing thousands. Thousands, of Tutsi fled to neighboring countries but what was remarkable was that the Hutu attacked only the Tutsi in the ruling class and not the ordinary Tutsis. Those exiled Tutsis organized attacks from exile and to settle the score, the Hutu officials now attacked t he Tutsi domiciled within the country. Using those attacks as excuse the Hutu government went on to undermine any Tutsi presence in the country. In 1962, the Belgian colonialists withdrew leaving behind a polarized country with a power vacuum following the abolishment of the monarch. Politically, the government was solely controlled by the Hutu while the Tutsi were disenfranchised, the Hutu with their numbers easily won all elections held in that period where voting was purely along tribal lines. The PARMEHUTU party produced first president and largely controlled the parliament. Tutsi were disenfranchised further when the political parties they belonged to were banned. All through the Sixties, the Tutsi were politically oppressed and continued to flee the country. It was from these refugees that a generation that would later invade Rwanda arose. It was at the onset of the cold war and Rwanda government was a close ally of the West hence all those atrocities went on without the West bating an eyelid. The dominant Catholic Church continued to abet in those crimes and was a strong partner of the government. The Tutsi represented anything wrong that happened to country. Government changes through a coup in 1973 and subsequent abolishment of the ruling party did not at all help to alleviate the plight of the Tutsis. In fact continued oppression heightened the tensions. Cosmetic changes were done on the political front all the way to the 1990s. On the economic front, after independence the Hutu took over the economic wheels from the Belgians. The economy was largely reliant on cash crop, (tea, coffee). Pressure on cultivation land is great and the obvious losers when the Tutsi minorities (www.rwandagateway.org). Employment opportunities rarely came the Tutsi way in a country with rampant unemployment fueling the animosity. On the social cultural front, the independence government opposed intermarriage with ensured the purity of the dominant group. But what kept on gnawing at the peoples minds to them to commit such recurrent atrocities against each other over such along time is fear that the one you oppress today was previously your oppressor and in future they might regain dominance and it will be pay back time. The vivid memories of the past and fear of the future made a killer out of your average Joe. Only complete wipe out of the enemy could your future be guaranteed. When there was peace it was an uneasy peace. THE GENOCIDE Continuous upheavals in Rwanda had led to a huge number of Tutsis refugees in neighboring countries. They organized themselves under the umbrella of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), which was based in Uganda. It conducted attacks in 1990s against the Hutu administration. The government on its side launched a hate campaign against the Tutsi domiciled in the country branding them sympathizers of the RPF course often going back to historical dominance of Tutsi in pre-independence period. It would take hundreds of thousands of lives before one side would become victorious. A ceasefire was brokered in August 1993 in Tanzania referred to as the Arusha Accords. The administration was made to relinquish most of its powers to the Transitional Broad Based Government, a coalition government of five parties. But Hutu hand liners under a Coalition pour la Defense de la Republique; CDR could not stand the agreement (Newbury D, et al). They were critical of the moderate Hutu officials who agreed on power sharing with the RPF. The CDR poured scorn on the Arusha accords and when it was finally was brought around to the moderates way of thinking, the RPF now rebuffed the agreement. These were two sides that could not simply eye-to-eye and this only hastened the drive to bloodshed. The Hutu administration started arming and training the youth formed into two groups namely impazamugambi and interhamwe with the war cry Hutu power issued at every public place. The two groups rallied youth from the whole country arming them with machetes as rifles and bullets were deemed too expensive and wasteful. They were given training even in government army camps. RPF on its part readied itself for war and continued its encroachment from the north. It was however the downing of a plane carrying president Habyarimana and Ntaryamira of Burundi on April 6,1994 as they returned from negotiations in Tanzania that hell broke loose. The event has been blamed on both RPF and Hutu extremists. The Hutu moderates were assassinated while the Tutsi population within Rwanda was decimated. UNAMIR force, the UN peacekeeping force, out-numbered with inadequate resources, could only watch helplessly. Blood flowed freely, while church cheered on the killers from the pulpit, chilling messages were sent over the radio and those who could not chop up their Tutsi neighbors were chopped up themselves. This went on unabatedly for one hundred days until the RPF overcame the Hutu forces. The deaths responded to range from over half a million to a million depending on the source were the result of this attempt at ethnic cleansing. THESIS The international community could have done more to avert the Rwandan genocide. In fact there was even great reluctance to recognize the mass murder as genocide. The inaction by the west despite many pleas for action by the people on the ground including General Dallaire of the UN peacekeeping force, have caused many blushes. The Belgian colonialists had sown the seed of hate which was a historical wrong which they could have been partially righted in stepping the end result of the hate, that is, the genocide. The Belgian also fell into the trap of the Hutu administration by withdrawing its troops after loosing its soldiers in a stage-managed alteration. As it withdrew it left vulnerable refugees seekers who would be quickly wiped away. The west continued its support of the Hutu administration with economic aid in pre-genocide years only making some noises but not taking any conclusive action. In the 1970s and 80s of the height of cold war the US saw Rwanda as an ally and therefore could do wrong. When it finally saw the light its intervention failed to take off when they felt the cost was not worthy the effort. Its big brother status that has seen it act elsewhere on less critical situations notwithstanding, it turned the other way. It had in fact negated any references to the situation as genocide until it became obvious. France on the other hand continued to support the Hutu administration to the time of the genocide in European power games. It sought to stop British and American intervention in a bid to stop encroachment on a Francophone territory. At a point, it considered offering back up to the government forces against the RPF. Together with Belgium it considered Hutu dominance as perfect democracy where the majority has a say. When it cobbled up a peacekeeping force, it had a ulterior motive of abating the genocide while protecting the administrations area of control against RPFs encroachment. Its force did a dismal job protecting the Tutsis only arriving in time to bury the corpses. After the commencement of the genocide France supplied communication equipment to administration. The United Nations had a big dilemma one of sitting in its supreme organ; the Security Council, was a representative of the rogue government. It hammered a peace accord between both parties prior to the genocide but could not enforce effectively due to lack of enthusiasm by its major contributors namely UK and US. The organization also failed to act decisively urging for punitive sanctions and usually opted for the easier way out. When it was apparent that the accord was breached, it looked out for the safety of its soldier in a clear admission of helplessness. The Vatican also failed avert situation while ministry in Rwanda continues to abet in the genocide. The Catholic Church in Rwanda used to co-run the country with the Hutu administration. Priest issued war cries from the pulpit while luring the victims who fell for their Christian talk, to their deaths while The Vatican slumbered on (Hennig Rainer,2007). When finally woken to the reality, their action came in just time to offer last respects to the departed. In pursuit of their own interests, the west turned the other way where a little thought for the victims could have saved the situation. Economic sanctions imposed elsewhere would have also worked in this situation to entrench democracy. The minority could have been guaranteed their right. The West could also have cut military support or sale of military equipment to the rogue administrations. More resources should have been availed to the peacekeeping mission as well as more peacekeepers. The West in providing the interventions could have looked beyond the race of victims to act promptly as it deed in the Serb-Croat conflict. The church should have ensured its Rwandan ministry played the role of a unifier and not a divider. While all the developments in genocide were well documented the international community so no point to act even chose not to talk about it. Some feel that catalyst to western intervention, oil, was lacking in Rwanda (news.bbc.co.uk). History continues to judge the international community harshly for their in-action to date. ANTITHESIS The international community did enough to avert the crisis as per the situation. The two communities had a long history of animosity and it was only time before it became fully blown with heart shredding results. The African people have a history of looking up to the West for solutions of their own homegrown problems but the West can only do so much. Strong identification with the tribe creates strong sentiments among members against others who they see as their enemies and at best competitors who are out overtake them (Bains Erik, 2003.) The us versus them mentality continue to cause many conflicts. The west can only play on these sentiments and where they do not exist it would be hard impart them on the people. The immediate neighbors of Rwanda also fueled the genocide either actively of passively. Ugandan army, NRM, supported the RPF in its incursions providing them with a base and resources together with expertise. When the Hutu officials imported tones of crude weapons, it was through foreign ports and by road or rail via neighboring countries to the landlocked country. It must have been done with full knowledge of governments but they didnt act. The country groupings in Africa present at the time should also have taken action. They should have tried to actively reconcile the Rwandan people long before the genocide reared its horns. Such bodies as the OAU has an emphasis on unity get had little to show of if. The Rwandan people put greedy corrupt divisive leaders at the helm and continued to carry out their wishes however heinous blindly once the tribal tag was applied. The west too have their commitments and cannot afford to continue playing the pacifier in every African misunderstanding and can only act voluntary. Let Africa seek solutions to African problem. Africans should aspire to gain knowledge and only then will their eyes open to the real problems facing them. Why should a country miles away comment on an issue while regional powers remain mum? SYNTHESIS Both the International Community, and the African people had an obligation to avert the genocide. None of them can wash their hands off the blame of what transpired. The Rwandans should have been more united and realize that they had more similarities than differences while the Western powers should not have played on these sentiments and fueling them further aggravating on already bad situation. The international community coordinating with Rwandas neighbors should have cut supply of weapons to both parties. They should also have moved fast to control the conflict as soon as it escalated. The International Community and the African nations should have stayed neutral in the conflict not taking sides and not trying to further their interests in Rwanda. Without French backing the Hutu administration would have been more diplomatic with an RPF without Uganda support. This would have forced them to the negotiation table. When the parties signed the accord, insistence on compliance from all sides would have seen it come to fruitation. The International Community and African nations should have quickly appreciated the seriousness of situation and give it a genocide status instead they buried their heads in the sand. CONCLUSION The Rwanda genocide provides society today with an opportunity for self-assessment, to realize the potency of division whether along ethnic, racial, religious or even economic lines. A big emphasis on what differentiates us rather than our similarities poses a great risk to humanity itself. If eight hundred crude deaths would be carried out in 100 days in a rather small nation it goes to show how human beings can loose their humanness. Other genocides are slowly developing all over the world and if not nipped in the bud, we will experience the Rwanda Experience many times over. While the world may not have learnt their lesson, the Rwandans sure did. With constant reminders in place, it would be hard to forget. Their brothers in Burundi and Zaire, however, continue to slaughter each by the day in meaningless warfare. Reference: Newbury D, N.C Rwanda: The politics of Turmoil. Rwanda: How the Genocide Happened (2004). Retrieved from news.bbc.co.uk on 19/09/07 HRW report (1999) Leave none to tell the story: Genocide in Rwanda. Bains Erik k (2003) Third World: Body Politics and the Rwandan Crisis. pg 479 Rwandan Economy and Development (2005) Rwandan History (2005) Retrieved from www.weareone.org.uk on19/09/07 Hennig Rainer (2007) The Cross-and the Genocide.

Communication Theories Paper Essay Example

Communication Theories Paper Essay Example Communication Theories Paper Essay Communication Theories Paper Essay Communication Theories Melody Lewis October 1, 2012 Com/ 310 During the past few weeks, we have learned about seven different theories. Each theory has explained how each theory compares to communication. They all are equal to each other in a certain way and sometimes generate with things that we do in our everyday life. The three theories that I will be talking about in my paper is the Relational Dialectics Theory, Social Exchange Theory, and the Organizational Information Theory. In my paper, I will give the definition to each and explain how I can relate to these theories. The relational dialectics theory is a concept within the communication theory. This concept could be interpreted as a knot of contradictions in personal relationships or an unceasing interplay between contrary or opposing tendencies(ask. com/communication theory). This theory explains how a relationship is formed between people that meet each other for the first time. When we meet people right off we might not have a connection with them right off, but once we get to know them a relationship is born. We can always let ourselves know if we like a person depending on the way the communication go. In my past relationships, I have always been the person with a voice. I could always express what I was thinking our wanted them to know. I think during my relationships the communication was effective in many ways. If we did not communicate our relationship goes nowhere. If I didn’t like something that was going on or something I did not like, I would let them know. One thing about me is that I don’t take anyone’s disrespect and I think that’s why the guys I dated didn’t last long. I think the communication in my past could have been better if they knew what to say. I am the type of person that doesn’t like a lot of lying and it’s hard to trust or believe people when they lie. I think in the future I can learn how to trust. I have a big issue with trusting my feelings to people. I know I can do better with that. The social exchange theory is a social psychological and sociological perspective that explains social change and stability as a process of negotiated exchanges between parties. Social exchange theory posits that all human relationships are formed by the use of a subjective cost-benefit analysis and the comparison of alternatives. When we think about this theory, we think about our relationships that we may have with family, friends, or a boyfriend or girlfriend. We have to think about the things that we would want out of that relationship and the things we can give back. When you think about the things that you can contribute to a relationship, you might set your standards a little high. When my relationship first started with my husband, I had just got out of a bad breakup. I had a guy that thought putting his hands on me and cursing me out was okay. We never really just fought because I’m not that type, but he tried to choke me. I would never let anyone put their hands on me, so when I meet my husband my guards were up. I told him that I didn’t want a relationship, but we could friends. After a while, we began to know each other and then some years later we got married. I think my problem was fear and I didn’t want him to know that I was in a relationship where the guy didn’t respect me. I have become a better person, because I open up my feelings to my husband and I let him know just what I feel. If he does something that I don’t like I will let him know. He always thinks I’m being mean, but I think I’m being cautious about my feelings. I love my husband and I want our marriage to work off love and trust. When you get married, a lot of things change and you have to be willing to give a little in order to get. You have to be willing to sacrifice what you are attached to and change for the better. I think my communication since my last break up has been a little better. I have learned to listen first and then respond. I have taught myself that I am never always right and I do need to trust more. My husband has helped me and I think that’s why my communication is better. I think in the future I will have more effective skills when talking to people. I need to talk a little better with my husband and with my employees. The organizational information theory builds upon general system theory and focuses on the complexity of information management within an organization. The theory addresses how organizations reduce equivocality, or uncertainty through a process of information collection, management and use. This theory could be based on how you can organize a way to gather information if you were trying to conduct a meeting. When you work in a company, you will have meeting. These meetings are made to communicate what is going on in the work place. You might have some people that communicate to you on paper and you have to follow along, but most of the time you will have a person in front of you and a paper to follow. Where I work at, we have meetings that give us general information about the dos and don’ts that can go on in the work place. A lot of jobs have dos and don’ts and they are very important to follow them. We also have meeting to let our employees know what is going on and what is to come. At my second job, we have an informal meeting. We have all the employees come to the job and we talk about what is going on and does anyone have something they want to say. We try not to point the blame and we try to hear everyone out. I am the type of person that will listen first and act on it. Sometimes the communication you have with a person can get a bit heated that’s why you want to make sure you are well organized. I think when I deal with my employees they try to take advantage of me. Some feel that I’m the same age as them, so they don’t want to show me respect. I demand my respect and that’s where it comes back to being organized. When you are trying to communicate with your boss or employees, you want to make sure you have all your ideas and viewpoints wrote down. I have recently become a preschool teacher and we have a lot of paper work that has to be turned in. We have to make sure that we are organized at all times and that we communicate, so we can have all or paperwork done correct. When you are a school teacher, you have to communicate with the kids, the parents, and you’re other workers. During the years, we have parent meetings to give the parents a chance to voice their opinion and to see what their children do every day. We also have to have the children on an organization level. We set a time so that they can transition from one place to the other. We have to keep their little mines organized on what we do day by day. If we can stay on schedule, they get use to doing the same thing every day. We have to keep folders on each child and making sure that it stays organized so that we can communicate with the parent is very effective. I know that learning these communication theories will help me as a teacher. I have to make sure my communication skills stay on top. In the future, when I go on to become the best teacher I know I can be I want my children to have the same communication skills I have. During this class, I have learned about many different communication theories and they all have something in common. We have learned that communication can come in many different ways and we communicate every day. In my line of work, I have to make sure my communication is soft and kind because I deal with children. I think there are ways that we communicate depending on the people we talk to. When we are at work we communicate on a professional level and we know what to say and what not to say. We have to make sure that we remember what type of surroundings we are in. When we are communicating with family, we might have another way of communicating. We might say hello or maybe give each other a kiss; we might shack hands and we might not say anything at all. I know when I talk to my family I always say hello and then we might kiss each other on the cheek. My sisters and I always greet each other in a unique way. We might fight, but we always have a good communication and we always say we love each other. When I communicate with my kids, I have to stay calm and remember that they are children. Sometimes they can do things that will make you so mad, but I remain calm and talk to them like they are supposed to be talked to. When you talk to your children, we have to learn that they are little people and we have to have an understanding that we are the parents. As I progress in the future, I will try to learn how to communicate better with my coworkers because we don’t get along all the time. The reason is that we fail to communicate on a serious level. We all have something to say and some might want to point the blame, but that doesn’t solve anything. I have to learn that my communication can be much calmer. I would like to learn how to control my communication and the way I deliver it. I also want to learn how to communicate better in my marriage. I know that I can a little hot head, and I need to learn how to talk to my spouse in a calmer manner. Sometimes I think I’m always right, so communication I think is my biggest challenge. Reference Page www. bing. com/ communication theories www. wikipedia. com www. ask. com/ communication theory

How to Format and Write a Simple Business Letter

How to Format and Write a Simple Business Letter People write business letters and emails for a variety of reasons such as requesting information, to conduct transactions, to secure employment, and so on. Effective business correspondence should be clear and concise, respectful in tone, and formatted properly. By breaking down a business letter into its basic components, you can learn how to communicate effectively and improve your skills as a writer. The Basics A typical business letter contains three sections, an introduction, a body, and a conclusion.   The Introduction:  The introduction indicates who the writer is addressing. If youre writing to someone you dont know or have met only briefly, the introduction may also a brief reason of why youre writing. Typically, the introduction is only a sentence or two in length.The Body: The letters body is where you state your business. This section may be as short as a few sentences or several paragraphs in length. It all depends on the degree of detail necessary to describe the subject at hand.The Conclusion: The conclusion is the final section where youll  call for future action. This can be a chance to talk in person, to request additional information, or to conduct a transaction. Like the introduction, this section should be no more than a sentence or two and must make clear what you would like from the person reading your letter. The Introduction The tone of the introduction depends on your relationship to the letter recipient. If youre addressing a close friend or a business colleague, using their first name is acceptable. But if youre writing to someone you do not know, its best to address them formally in the greeting. If you do not know the name of the person youre writing to, use their title or a general form of address. Some examples: Dear personnel directorDear sir or madamDear Dr., Mr., Mrs., Ms. (Last name)Dear Frank (use this if the person is a close business contact or friend) Writing to a specific person is always preferred. Generally speaking, use Mr. when addressing men and Ms. for women in the greeting. Only use the title of Doctor for those in the medical profession. While you should always begin a business letter with the word Dear, doing so is an option for business emails, which are less formal. If youre writing to someone you dont know or have met only in passing, you may want to follow the greeting by providing some context for why youre contacting that person. Some examples: With reference to your advertisement in the Times...Im am following up on our phone call yesterday.Thank you for your letter of March 5. The Body The majority of a business letter is contained in the body. This is where the writer states his or her reason for corresponding. For example:   I am writing to inquire about the position posted in The Daily Mail.I am writing to confirm the shipment details on order # 2346.I am writing to apologize for the difficulties you experienced last week at our branch. Once you have stated the general reason for writing your business letter, use the body to provide additional details. For example, you may be sending a client important documents to sign, apologizing to a customer for poor service, requesting information from a source, or some other reason. Whatever the reason, remember to use language that is courteous and polite. For instance: I would be grateful to meet with you next week.Would you possibly have time for a meeting next week?I would be delighted to give you a tour of our facility this coming month.Unfortunately, we will have to postpone the meeting until June 1.Enclosed you will find a copy of the contract. Please sign where indicated. It is customary to include some closing remarks after youve stated your business in the body of the letter. This is your opportunity to reinforce your relationship with the recipient, and it should just be a sentence. Please contact us again if we can help in any way.If you have any questions, feel free to call me.You can also use the closing to request or offer future contact with the reader.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Please contact my assistant to schedule an appointment. The Finish The final thing all business letters need is a salutation, where you say your goodbyes to the reader. As with the introduction, how you write the salutation will depend on your relationship to the recipient. For clients that youre not on a first-name basis with, use: Yours faithfully (if you dont know the name of the person youre writing to)Yours sincerely, (if you do know the name of the person youre writing to. If you are on a first-name basis, use: Best wishes, (if youre acquaintances)Best regards or Regards (if the person is a close friend or contact) Sample Business Letter Kens Cheese House34 Chatley AvenueSeattle, WA 98765October 23, 2017Fred FlintstoneSales ManagerCheese Specialists Inc.456 Rubble RoadRockville, IL 78777Dear Mr. Flintstone,With reference to our telephone conversation today, I am writing to confirm your order for: 120 x Cheddar Deluxe Ref. No. 856.The order will be shipped within three days via UPS and should arrive at your store in about 10 days.Please contact us again if we can help in any way.Yours sincerely,Kenneth BeareDirector of Kens Cheese House

Toyota Company in China Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Toyota Company in China Case Study - Essay Example As argued out by Griffin (2011), Strategic planning can be viewed as an integral action of management. Predictions are part of the fundamentals of strategic planning and are perceived as a scientifically premeditated speculation that possesses both uncontrollable as well as controllable elements. Controllable factors are easily predicted as opposed to uncontrollable factors that demands suitable provisions (Patnaik 2012, p. 27). Simerson (2011) contends that strategic planning offers the highly needed direction as well as focus. It permits an industry to establish what is significant and to apprehend what every firm factor ought to add to the individual team as well as to the success of the firm. Besides, Henry (2008) points out that strategic planning enables new firms to make critical decisions regarding the market in which it functions, value addition to customers or clients, exceptional abilities, skills as well as knowledge its workers must possess. This paper will attempt to ex plore the corporate strategies employed by Toyota Company to strengthen its presence in Chinese market. 2. Strategies 2.1 Market Entry Strategy This paper will use the Porters five forces model as well as SWOT analysis in assessing the market entry strategy employed by Toyota Company to enter the Chinese market. Hill and Jones (2007) affirm that once the boundary of an organisation has been established, strategic planning managers are faced with the task of analysing competitive forces with the organisational climate to establish threats and opportunities. The Porter’s five forces model sheds more light on the five integral forces that shapes competition within an organisation. It also examines the degree of rivalry among firms, the bargaining strength of suppliers, as well as the... This paper will use the Porters five forces model as well as SWOT analysis in assessing the market entry strategy employed by Toyota Company to enter the Chinese market. Hill and Jones (2007) affirm that once the boundary of an organisation has been established, strategic planning managers are faced with the task of analysing competitive forces with the organisational climate to establish threats and opportunities. The Porter’s five forces model sheds more light on the five integral forces that shapes competition within an organisation. It also examines the degree of rivalry among firms, the bargaining strength of suppliers, as well as the proximity of the alternatives to the firm’s product as well as the bargaining strength of customers or buyers. This model stipulates that the higher the degree of strength of each of the five forces, the less the capacity of the identified firms to hike prices and rip maximum returns. In this model, a strong competitive force can be p erceived as threat. This is attributed to the fact that stronger competitive forces suppress returns. On the other hand, weak competitive forces can be perceived as opportunity. This is because weak forces enable a firm to make bigger profits (Patnaik 2012). According to Dyck and Neubert (2008), the strength of the five forces can undergo histrionic transformation via time as the firm situations are altered. The core task of strategic planning managers is to acknowledge how the critical five forces results.

Journals Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Journals - Assignment Example and Mrs Conroy. Mrs. Conroy is primarily a woman of fashion and it seems that her husband does not have control over what her quest to dress fancifully will demand. Gretta talks of putting on galoshes while at the same time revealing her next shopping plans as including a diving outfit. This clearly means that Mrs Conroy is domineering in their marriage as she makes the plans over what ought to be bought within their family even before consulting her husband. Her hersband, in a quick response, laughs nervously indicating his obligation to her demands. He shows this weakness in front of his sisters who apparently are astonished at the sense of fashion and shopping spree that their brother’s wife has. Another picture that comes out clear in the marriage between Gretta and Gabriel is that theirs is a marriage of contemporary lifestyle. From the conversation, Aunt Kate is completely unknowledgeable about what the supposed ‘galoshes’ that Mrs. Conroy describes and can only associate them with Christy Minstrels.. In her entire life, she had never come across such like attire leave alone the fact that she could not determine their uses. Aunt Julia on the other hand, fully understands the uses of galoshes but what worries her is the complex lifestyle that her brother’s wife has adopted. ... Her beauty too is beyond description although she had spotted face and brown eyes. Her seductive nature wins her the heart of Gabriel where she successfully convinces him to take a walk together. Perhaps one of the most influential aspects in Miss Ivors’ life that strengthens the bond between her and Mr. Conroy is her vast knowledge of literature of which Mr. Conroy is a practitioner. Although she does not study or practice literature and poetry, her knowledge of certain literary and poetic aspects for example the university question that she learned through a friend surprised Gabriel and makes him more relaxed in the company of Miss Ivors. Additionally, her affectionate and conversational nature creates a strong bond between her and Gabriel whereby they spend long hours conversing while at some instances holding hands. This comes out when Gabriel thinks that Miss Ivors is attempting to demean him by criticizing him, a matter that leads to his perplextion. But to his ultimate surprise, he discoveres that Miss Ivors was only cracking a joke by her previous comments. Miss Ivors on the other hand, understands when Gabriel is perplexed and uses her seductive and persuasive skills to bring back his attention to the focus of their conversation. Although she had previously expressed her dissatisfaction at Gabriel’s previous writing, she notices anxiety in his face and immediately retreats. She perfectly does this on some instances by placing her warm and soft hands on the arms of Mr. Conroy. It appears from this that although she is not married, she clearly understands the temperaments of men, and her knowledge helps her in maintaining a lively and warm conversation with Gabriel who in the end confesses to have enjoyed